PRODRUGS




CONTAINTS 


Click The Download Button for pdf book 

👇

DOWNLOAD PDF⏬



1. INTRODUCTION

A prodrug is a chemically inert drug precursor, which upon biotransformation liberates the pharmacologically active parent compound. A prodrug is also called proagent, bio reversible derivative, latentiated drug and congeners.

Drug + cap = prodrug (Released at the site of action).


2. UTILITY OF PRODRUG

There are numerous reasons why one may wisgh to utilize a prodrug strategy in drug design. 

For example:


Solubility :-  

Consider an active drug that is insufficiently soluble in water so that it cannot be injected in a small dose. A water-soluble group could be attached which could be metabolically released after drug administration.

Absorption and Distribution :- 

If the drug is not absorbed and transported to the target site in sufficient concentration, it can be made more water-soluble or lipid soluble, depending on the desired site of action. Once absorption has occurred or when the drug is at the appropriate site of action, the water or lipid soluble group is removed enzymatically.

Site Specificity :- 

Specificity for a particular organ or tissue can be made if there are high concentrations of uniqueness of enzymes present at that site which can cleave the appropriate appendages from the prodrug and unmask the drug

Instability :- 

A drug may be rapidly metabolized and rendered inactive prior, when it reaches the site of action. The structure may be modified to block that metabolism until the drug is at the desired site.

Prolonged Release :- 

It may be desirable to have a steady low concentration of a drug released over a long period of time. The drug may be altered so that it is metabolically converted to the active form slowly.

Toxicity :- 

A drug may be toxic in its active form and would have a greater therapeutic index if it were administered in a nontoxic, inactive form that can be converted to the active form only at the site of action.

Poor Patient Acceptability :- 

An active drug may have an unpleasant taste or odor, produce gastric irritation, or cause pain when administered (e.g., when injected). The structure of the drug can be modified to alleviate these problems, but once administered; the altered drug can be metabolized to the active drug.

Formulation Problems :- 

If the drug is a volatile liquid, it would be more desirable to prepare it in a solid form so that it could be formulated as a tablet. An inactive solid derivative could be prepared which would be converted in the body to the active drug,



👉first Order Reaction, Order Of Reaction, Chemical Kinetics :- click here

👉Solid state decomposition, Order of Reaction, Chemical Kinetics :- click here

👉What is Half Life and Shelf Life, Order of Reaction, Chemical Kinetics :- click here

👉Apparent Zero Order Suspension, Chemical Kinetics, Physical Pharmaceutics :- click here

👉Zero Order Reaction, Chemical kinetics :- click here

👉ORDER OF REACTION, Chemical Kinetics Free PDF Note, Pharmacy Free PDF Book :- click here

👉ORDER OF REACTION, Chemical Kinetics Free PDF Note, Pharmacy Free PDF Book :- click here

👉MOLECULARITY OF REACTION :- click here

👉PRODRUG DESIGN :- click here

👉Application Of Prodrug :- click here

👉Classification Of Prodrug.:- click here

👉PRODRUGS, :- P.Valentina. Pharmacy PDF books for students free download :- click here

👉Chemical Kinetics, CVS Subrahmanyam full PDF file. bookhata free PDF books for students. :- click here

👉Metabolism And Extraction :- click here

👉What is Protein Binding :- click here

👉General Principle of Drug Action. Medicinal Chemistry Chapter-2 :- Click here 

👉Semister–V, Medicinal Chemistry E-BOOK :- Click here

👉Pharmacognocy Semister-V, PDF Book :- Click here

👉Industrial Pharmacy-I PDF book, B-Pharm 5th Semister :- Click here

👉Interfacial Phenomena By CVS Subrahmanyam √ Physical Pharmaceutics √ 3rd Semister √ Pharmacy Free PDF Books Download :- Click here 

👉Pharmaceutical Jurisprudence √ 5th Semister √ Pharmacy Free PDF Book Download :- click here

👉Pharmacology of drugs acting on cardio vascular system, 5th semister Pharmacology, Pharmacy Free PDF Book Download :- Click here

👉Autocoids and Related Drugs, Pharmacology, 5th Semister, Pharmacy Free PDF Book Download :- click here

👉Drug Stability, By CVS Subrahmanyam Physical Pharmaceutics, 4th Semister, Pharmacy Free PDF Book Download :- click here

👉Rheology, By CVS Subrahmanyam Physical Pharmaceutics, 4th Semister, Pharmacy Free PDF Book Download :- click here

👉Micromeritics, By CVS Subrahmanyam Physical Pharmaceutics, 4th Semister, Pharmacy Free PDF Books For Students Download :- click here

👉What is Absorption of Drug :- click here

👉What is Distribution Of Drug ? :- click here

👉Complexation and Protein Binding By CVS Subrahmanyam, 3rd Semister, Physical Pharmaceutics, Pharmacy Free PDF Book Download :- click here

👉Drug Metabolism, Med-Chem, 4th Semister, Bookhata Free PDF Books For Students download :- click here